![]() The results demonstrate that protein intensities do not change substantially in response to this stress. dermatitidis strains-the wild type and a hyper-resistant strain developed through adaptive laboratory evolution-before and after γ-radiation exposure. To identify features associated with γ-radiation resistance, here we characterized the proteomes of two E. However, these findings have yet to identify unique γ-radiation exposure survival strategies-many genes that are induced by γ-radiation exposure do not appear to be important for recovery, and the homologous recombination machinery of this organism is not unique compared to more sensitive species. Several aspects of this phenotype have been characterized, including its dependence on homologous recombination for the repair of radiation-induced DNA damage, and the transcriptomic response invoked by acute γ-radiation exposure in this organism. The yeast Exophiala dermatitidis exhibits high resistance to γ-radiation in comparison to many other fungi. ![]() Protein ions were still detected from the solution containing 10(-2) M of SDS. The DS-CTA ion pair has a low polarity and solubility in methanol and is excluded from the fused droplet. To remove the interferences from SDS, equal moles of positively charged cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) was added into the SDS containing sample solution to form the dodecyl sulfate-cetyltrimethylammonium ion pair (DS-CTA). Because of its low solubility in methanol, TRIS molecules (concentration as high as 1 M) were efficiently excluded from the newly formed droplets and the protein ion signals were detected and observed in the mass spectra. ![]() The neutral sample aerosols then fused with the charged methanol droplets and electrospray ionization proceeded from the newly formed fused droplets to generate multiply charged protein ions. The aerosols were carried by nitrogen gas to the tip of a capillary where charged methanol droplets had been continuously generated by electrospraying an acidic methanol solution. The sample aerosols were generated at ambient temperature with a pneumatic nebulizer commonly used to produce sample aerosols in an atmospheric pressure chemical ionization (APCI) source. Multiply charged protein ions were detected from the solutions containing a high concentration of tris(hydroxymethyl) aminomethane buffer (TRIS) and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) using fused-droplet electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (FD-ESI/MS). ![]()
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